DHCP (Dynamic Host control protocol) is network protocol refers to controlling host or work station network dynamically and organize network devices in order to establish communication easily with each other. It works at application layer of OSI network model. It is basically expansion of BOOTP protocol.
DHCP has two types of user, one is client and another is server. DHCP clients obtain network information from (like IP address, routing information) server and configure itself by using those information. After successful configure, clients can establish connection with each other.
DHCP server allocate IP address to it’s clients for limited time because if it assign IP address for undefined time then it will act like static address. Basically it lease IP for it’s clients and before expiration of time clients must renew the address or release address if it does not needed by host.
Here client actually send an IP lease request to server and server received the request, after receiving request server allocate a free IP address and leasing duration and give a entry to server database, so that address can not duplicate and unique for the server configured IP block.
In DHCP a pool of IP address is configured in server end. It generates IP address automatically so there will be no changes to conflict like static IP address.
There are many advantages of DHCP over static address. Here I cover some of them:-
1. When we use DHCP, then we do not need to inset IP address for every computer manually and do not worry about any conflict between address.
2. It is feasible to manage large infrastructure with DHCP rather than static because it can manage large number of IP and big network.
3. IP address maintenance is very easy with DHCP because everything is done here automatically.
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